Blood Flow Restriction

Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) is being readily used for rehabilitation and strength training in the United States. Research studies show the beneficial effects of blood flow restriction on building/maintaining muscle, decreasing recovery times, reducing pain, and improving function. And, in our fast paced lives where every minute counts, BFR can accomplish these gains in a 15 minute session, 2-4x week. 

BFR uses basic physiological principles to improve strength and endurance with less strain on the body. By reducing blood flow to an extremity for short periods of time, the body is stimulated to release beneficial hormones that aid in strength, recovery,  angiogenesis (formation of additional blood vessels), and pain modulation. BFR has been shown to improve the release of Human Growth Hormone (HGH), Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF),and VO2 max. 

When implementing BFR, the goal is to restrict arterial blood flow by applying a tight cuff to the upper arm or thigh to reduce the amount of new, oxygen-rich blood reaching the muscles. Additionally, BFR prevents deoxygenated venous blood from returning to the heart. This causes a build-up of waste products, such as Hydrogen ions, in the muscle tissue. The build-up of these waste products, along with restricting oxygenated blood from reaching the muscle, has been shown to create a prime environment for stimulating muscle growth within the body.

During BFR, slow-twitch (type 1) muscle fibers are starved of oxygen sooner than their fast-twitch (type 2) counterparts, causing slow-twitch muscle fibers to fatigue first, and fast-twitch (type 2) fibers to take over sooner and more rapidly. The fast twitch fibers are the muscle fibers in our bodies that grow and produce muscle mass more quickly and easily. Therefore, BFR can be utilized with no weights or low weight strength training to elicit the benefits of heavy weight training.  For some patients, BFR can be safer than traditional weight training, as lower weights are utilized, potentially reducing the chance of physical injury from lifting heavy loads and reducing the amount of physical/mechanical stress on muscles, ligaments, and joints, making it an excellent option for those with arthritis, joint pain, or injuries. 

BFR can also be used in beneficial ways for endurance athletes. Using BFR with endurance exercise like rowing machines, treadmills, arm ergometers, or stationary bikes may speed up time to exhaustion, improve aerobic capabilities, increase VO2 max, and improve muscle strength. Additionally, BFR has been shown to improve peak running velocity, secondary to improved running economy and more efficient oxygen consumption. For the most beneficial effects, the heart rate should increase to at least 40% of maximum heart rate during BFR endurance exercise, and only be used for up to 15 minutes continuously, before allowing for reperfusion. As with strength training, a maximum of 3-4 endurance training sessions utilizing BFR should be performed each week.

Keeping Young Athletes Safe

Keep Young Athletes Safe: Your Guide to Preventing Sports Injuries

School is back in session, and so are fall sports! Whether your child plays soccer, football, volleyball, or is running cross country, keeping them injury-free should be your top priority. The good news? Most youth sports injuries can be prevented with the right approach.

Start with Smart Conditioning
Conditioning is the foundation of injury prevention. Young athletes should begin training at least 4-6 weeks before their sport starts. This gives their bodies time to adapt slowly.

Start with the basics like jogging, jumping jacks, and bodyweight squats. Add sport-specific drills gradually. A soccer player might begin with light ball work, while a runner starts with short, easy distances. The key word here is “gradually” – adding too much too soon leads to injuries.

The Power of a Proper Warm-Up
Never skip the warm-up! A good warm-up is like starting your car on a cold morning. It gets everything moving smoothly. Spend 10 – 15 minutes doing light cardio and dynamic stretches. Think leg swings, arm circles, and gentle lunges. Save static stretching (where you hold the stretch) for after practice.

Recovery is Not Optional
Here’s what many parents don’t realize: rest days are as important as training days. During rest, muscles repair and grow. Young athletes need at least one full rest day per week. They also need 8-9 hours of sleep each night.

Watch for signs your child needs more rest. Are they more tired than usual? Getting sick often? Complaining of aches and pains? These are red flags that they’re overdoing it.

Fuel the Machine
Good nutrition powers performance and prevents injuries. Make sure your young athlete eats regular meals with plenty of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Don’t forget hydration! Water should be their go-to drink, save the sports drinks for when they’re exercising for over an hour.

Listen to Their Body
Teach your child that pain is not normal. The old saying “no pain, no gain” is dangerous for young athletes. Some muscle soreness after hard workouts is normal, but sharp pain or pain that doesn’t go away needs attention. Help your young athlete learn to pay attention to their body, and to understand the difference.

When to See a Professional
If your child has pain that lasts more than a few days, affects their daily activities, or keeps them from playing their best, it’s time to see your physical therapist. Early treatment prevents small problems from becoming big ones.

Remember, the goal is to keep sports fun while building lifelong healthy habits. With proper preparation and smart training, your young athlete can have a safe and successful season!

NEURO PT

A cornerstone to treating the whole person in physical therapy is providing patient-
centered care. This is true for all forms of physical therapy, and perhaps more profound
when applied to those who’ve experienced a neurologic injury or disease. But
regardless of your reasons for seeking physical therapy services, we all want to be
seen, understood, and valued in our care.
Patient-centered care relates to understanding and honoring your unique situation and
goals. We value shared decision-making between yourself and your physical therapist,
and ensure that your physical therapy is tailored to align with your goals. We strive to
have a strong therapeutic-alliance with our patients, establishing an effective working
relationship and empowering our patients to become active participants in their care,
leading to more meaningful outcomes.
Our approach to understanding your unique situation and goals includes the use of a
biopsychosocial model of care. This model emphasizes the interconnectedness of our
biological, psychological, and socio-environmental factors in our lives. When this model
is applied to physical therapy care, we work to understand, assess, and intervene in
varied domains of your health to improve your overall well-being and to achieve your
goals.
In neurologic physical therapy, we may look at a variety of aspects of your health to
better understand how we can work together to reach your goals. This may include
assessing and treating one or more of the following:
– Physical limitations; including strength, range of motion, neural dynamics, joint
integrity, and biomechanics.
– Motor control; including our bodies ability to utilize and integrate multiple systems
to produce a movement or complete a task.
– Sensory systems; including vestibular, proprioceptive, tactile and visual systems
that impact our ability to use our bodies effectively.
– Autonomic nervous system; including the regulation of our internal processes to
help improve your functional abilities.
– Lifestyle; including understanding your sleep, nutrition, stress, and substance use
as it relates to your health and function.
– Psychosocial; understanding your self-efficacy, or confidence, in your condition
and abilities, how behavioral health may affect your physical health and function,
and your needs for autonomy and motivation in your care.

If you’d like to learn more about neurologic physical therapy and how it may be of
benefit to you in your journey, please contact us at Great Northern PT!
Phone: (406) 586-4678
Email: rita@greatnorthernpt.com

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